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Salmon Hatcheries ...

by Walter Richards

Isn’t the basic purpose of the hatcheries to increase fish runs?

But if hatchery fish don’t count towards catch limits during fishing season … why have them at all? Why should our tax dollars and licensing fees continue to pay for these worthless endeavors?

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28 comments on this article (post your own)

1 On Aug 28, 04:51 pm, Prarie Pup wrote:

The purpose of the state hatcheries was to compensate the losses to the fishery that the dams brought about. The fish belong to the people, not those punkass college boys running the ODFW and other regulatory agencies.

2 On Aug 28, 06:43 pm, gary killpack wrote:

ONE MIGHT ADD OVER FISHING, OVER LOGGING, OVER FERTILIZING CROPS, RUN OFF FROM DAIRY COWS AND CATTLE, DUMPING ALL KINDS OF STUFF IN THE OCEAN.
PUNKASS?? YOU MAKE ME LAUGH. THANKS.

3 On Aug 28, 08:29 pm, Sean wrote:

One might add over fishing but one might be completely wrong to do so, too. Go prarie pup!

Walter – They are worthless endeavors. If we are going to talk science, let’s bring in the scientists the BPA hired and fired for their own projects!

4 On Aug 29, 05:41 am, Prarie Pup wrote:

Hatcheries, along the Columbia River anyway, weren’t installed because of logging, dairy cows and farming. It was for the dams. The hatcheries were built to ensure a viable commercial fishery. It had also had nothing to do with the “then or now” myth of “over fishing”

The fish belong to the people. And the people should have access to them. Screw the regulatory agencies who keep the fish from us.

Flip off an ODFW worker today!

5 On Aug 29, 05:51 am, The Guy Who Writes This wrote:

Hatchery fish are inferior to wild fish. In a hatchery all the natural selection and culling is removed and you just have millions of eggs from good and inferior fish being carpet bombed with possibly inferior sperm to create inferior fish. Good genetics mixed with bad genetics. The hatchery system is to aqua culture what GMO is to farming.

6 On Aug 29, 02:09 pm, Walter Richards wrote:

Guy – last time I toured a hatchery, which was years ago, the eggs/sperm were taken from wild fish who made it upstream (but not yet to the spawning area). Now, it may have changed since then. But if not, the only difference between the two is that the hatchery raises the fish out of danger from their predators.

But the whole point is … if the courts and regulatory agencies aren’t going to count hatchery fish in the total fish population, then the taxpayers shouldn’t have to keep paying for those hatcheries.

7 On Aug 29, 06:03 pm, The Guy Who Writes This wrote:

I’ll agree to that, Walt. The protection that is given does alter the survival of the fittest. It is the skill that is learned not to be eaten in the wild which produces superior, smarter, stronger fish. Inferior and sometimes the unlucky fish get taken. The fishing industry has screwed the pooch for so long, but instead of looking for ways to keep the wild stock health we just order more pooches for screwing.

8 On Aug 29, 08:33 pm, Prarie Pup wrote:

dont blame the fishing industry, blame the smart college boys running the hatchery programs

9 On Aug 30, 10:14 am, Pierce wrote:

Hatchery fish don’t know how to act in the wild. They are kept in captivity in large schools and fed pellets at regular intervals. Instead of using their energy learning how to forage and survive in a beautiful little section of stream, they become assholes, aggressive toward one another. Half the time they can’t tell a turd from a food pellet. There is no substitute for natural habitat. It sure would be nice if we could tear out those damn dams on the Snake river. The power they generate is negligible and they mainly only benefit a dozen or so wheat farmers. If they were gone hundreds of miles of prime upriver habitat would be instantly available for the greatest salmon the world has ever known. The Red fish lake sockeye. Actually there is growing support for this idea around Lewiston & Clarkston as they are experiencing silting problems that will eventually cause flooding of some of their prime real estate. Dam removal would fix this problem too.

10 On Aug 30, 02:13 pm, walter richards wrote:

The only problem I have with dam removals, is it doesn’t matter to me how much energy they generate … you should still have something to (at least) replace that lost energy. Whether it be a new nuke plant, or wind/solar farm, or whatever. Those dam’s energy may be “negligible” now, but we know we’re nearly at our power-generating limit now … and our use is growing. So it’s not a question of whether we’ll need more energy in the future, merely a question of if we can build new “generators” fast enough to outpace the demand. OR face rolling blackouts and mandatory power usage regulations.

11 On Sep 4, 11:02 pm, Peter Huhtala wrote:

I’ve heard that surface-fed hatchery smolts will rise to the surface when it rains, thinking (?) that they’re being fed. This behavior is not only handy for the terns and cormorants, it also helps naturally select fitter salmon.

In fairness, there are “conservation” hatcheries that work with native runs and attempt to mimic natural conditions and abundance. I can appreciate the theory, but I don’t know much more.

And then there’s the local net pen program, that takes smolts for the brief period when they imprint the scent of their home stream and make that imprint Youngs Bay, or Lois Embayment, or Blind Slough. Good returns and it’s way mmore cost effective than the hatcheries. Still there remain arguments that this distorts the ecosystem. Personally I have difficulty arguing against using this technique to provide opportunities for fishermen that avoid to a great extent the endangered fish, while returning a few million bucks to the local economy.

Those four lower Snake dams must go. Yes the power needs to be replaced, but the upside for salmon and the economy (regionally and even on the Snake, where recreational businesses should thrive once the dams are breached) is worth the logistical challenge.

12 On Sep 5, 10:53 am, Pierce wrote:

I saw the Daily a article about the dam removal at the Klaskanie hatchery. What do you think about that project, Pete or Pup or anybody?

13 On Sep 6, 07:59 pm, Pierce wrote:

OK lets wait and see what happens, looks really good to me though. Working with Mother Nature as opposed to trying to shove something down her throat. Nice to see the public and private outfits collaborating on this type of project. I bet it will not only restore some prime habitat but some faith in humanity too.

14 On Sep 8, 02:17 pm, Henry Balensifer wrote:

In reference to Mr. Huhtula’s comment “I’ve heard that surface-fed hatchery smolts will rise to the surface when it rains, thinking (?) that they’re being fed.” This, to my knowledge, does occur, however once the fish are released they start finding food for themselves and much of the food is subsurface. CEDC ran a study in their net pens on if subsurface feeding would increase salmon survival vs. regular surface feeding and concluded that survival rates remained relatively unchanged. Now I cannot say anything for the comprehensiveness of the study and all the variables, but I do know that in a net pen environment it doesn’t seem to be cost effective, nor any more effective to do subsurface feeding. In a hatchery environment, I cannot say.

As for salmon mortalities- I personally, do not particularly prescribe to the idea that dams are the number one killer of salmon on the Columbia River. Why? Because if Big Creek Hatchery is getting an averaged 3% return, then where are these salmon going? certainly they are not going all the way to Bonneville, up through a fish ladder and back down. No, they are being eaten by cormorants and terns. You ask most lower Columbia River fisheries worker and they will tell you predation accounts for the majority of mortalities. It only makes sense, but since all marine mammals are protected, this makes a solution rather difficult. Yes I agree dams should be removed on the Snake and upper Columbia and that they are probably one of the largest killers of salmon on the upper portions of the river. But I do not believe that destroying the dams is really going to make a difference for anything below Bonneville, and to further that- without hatcheries, I, and many others, believe the ever growing predator populations would have completely decimated the wild stocks to either extinction or something close to that. It is a complex issue and habitat restoration and enhancement is only a part of that. We as humans tamper with nature, and then expect that only if we fix some spots of the environment the salmon will just magically re-appear. Well they will do better, but there needs to be either active population supplementation to offset predation or active predator population control. Since the terns and cormorant colonies are only getting larger and, I would venture to say that habitat/environmental restoration and enhancement WITH active hatchery supplementation is the only other suitable alternative. We have continually screwed with the natural runs and just leaving them be and cutting all the hatcheries would be to leave the few remnants of wild fish to be eaten by predators.

Either way- if you want fishing to continue, you need hatcheries.

15 On Sep 8, 03:42 pm, Prarie Pup wrote:

Want to save Columbia River Salmon from pinipeds?

Let the Gillnetters do their thing-they know what to do.

East End mooring basin would be a good place to start.

16 On Sep 9, 07:41 am, The Guy Who Writes This wrote:

How about we stop eating salmon and start eating sea lions.

17 On Sep 9, 09:11 am, THartill wrote:

MMMmmmmm I can taste it now…smoked Sea Lion…no wait smoked Sea Lion Lox on a bagel with cream cheese….yummy!

Henry

If dams are not the number one killer of fish, then what caused the huge decline in the early 30’s when the first dam went in?

18 On Sep 9, 09:15 am, Auntie wrote:

People can make candles out of the tallow from all of their fat and sell them to tourists as authentic Lewis and Clark crap

19 On Sep 9, 02:52 pm, Pierce wrote:

Sure there are many facets to salmon survival. Habitat, ocean conditions and predators all factors. For thousands of years however salmon have magicly worked their way back into habitat they were cut off from for 50 years or longer back during the Missoula floods 14,000 years ago. Ice dams formed and broke about 40 times lasting approx 55 years each over a 2,000 year period. Those up river June hogs sometimes weighed in weighed in at over 80#.

Most of the predators are historic but the Caspian terns showed up in the mid 1980’s thanks to dredging spoils providing an ideal habitat and the net pen releases the ideal lunch. Habitat is something we can restore, ocean conditions will come and go. Predators ? I’m not sure I’m ready for smoked sea lion and cream cheese with red cabbage, red onions and capers on a nice fresh bagel….. Well maybe with a little sweet hot mustard.

20 On Sep 13, 02:57 pm, Henry Balensifer wrote:

Well I wouldn’t mind a pair of mukluk (or however it is spelt) sealskin boots (Im sure they’d be a surefire hit with teenage kids looking for a fancier alternative to those interesting uggs boots everyone seems to be wearing.)

As for dams- I agree- in the early years where dams had little to no provisions (and many still don’t) for salmon passage that those dams created huge declines in salmon populations. I was not trying to defend dams in regards to killing upriver salmon- I believe the dam argument is true for the most part in regards to salmon stocks above Bonneville, however- if you read my earlier comment you would have noticed I was pointing my argument to the fallacy of the thought that dams are somehow responsible for lower river casualties- its just ludicrous.

“Yes I agree dams should be removed on the Snake and upper Columbia and that they are probably one of the largest killers of salmon on the upper portions of the river”—- “But I do not believe that destroying the dams is really going to make a difference for anything below Bonneville”

I hope that clarifies the intent of my comment.

21 On Sep 13, 02:58 pm, Henry Balensifer wrote:

Well I wouldn’t mind a pair of mukluk (or however it is spelled) sealskin boots (Im sure they’d be a surefire hit with teenage kids looking for a fancier alternative to those interesting uggs boots everyone seems to be wearing.)

As for dams- I agree- in the early years where dams had little to no provisions (and many still don’t) for salmon passage that those dams created huge declines in salmon populations. I was not trying to defend dams in regards to killing upriver salmon- I believe the dam argument is true for the most part in regards to salmon stocks above Bonneville, however- if you read my earlier comment you would have noticed I was pointing my argument to the fallacy of the thought that dams are somehow responsible for lower river casualties- its just ludicrous.

“Yes I agree dams should be removed on the Snake and upper Columbia and that they are probably one of the largest killers of salmon on the upper portions of the river”—- “But I do not believe that destroying the dams is really going to make a difference for anything below Bonneville”

I hope that clarifies the intent of my comment.

22 On Sep 13, 03:26 pm, Pierce wrote:

Point taken. I know some of those streams silted up pretty good due to logging practices and erosion ect. Another factor could be related to reductions in upstreams populations. If those runs are strong they will have a higher percentage of maverick fish that could chose for what ever reason to join a lower river run thus boosting the total. Just a thought.

23 On Sep 13, 04:23 pm, THartill wrote:

Have to disagree with “ludicrous”.

To add on to what Pierce said….

Before the dams there were a much higher number of fish in the river with predators all after a little piece of the pie (Fishermen, Sea Lions, Birds..etc etc) Now that most of the river is cut off, the number of total fish are near 10% of pre-dam levels.

Now you have all the predators after the 10%...most of which are lower river fish. The predators are killing a larger amount of lower river fish than before…because that is about all that is left.

24 On Sep 20, 10:32 am, Henry Balensifer wrote:

To run concurrent with salmon- anyone consider the effects of Mt. St. Helens? Its eruption completely decimated some runs, in addition to that, I would safely bet it was what really hurt the smelt populations on the Columbia. Dams caused upper river problems…we all agree with that, I’m just throwing in peripherals that had significant impacts on runs. Would y’all agree that Mt. St. Helens wreaked havoc on spawning grounds, in some cases completely destroying them? In the 70’s fish were still thick enough to make a living off of. Canneries were still processing and alive. 1980’s and a mountain top blowing off later—we have our present situation. Not that simple, I know, but I would venture to say that it was a major contributor to killing many upriver runs. You say logging creates silt and kills salmon- yes it does, and it still is an issue being addressed, but what about St. Helens?

25 On Sep 20, 12:01 pm, Pierce wrote:

I know there are others far more knowledgable than me about this than me but the thing about Mt. St. Helens is that it blows every 150 years or so. Salmon have been around for over million years (as a species) Some spawning grounds get creamed following eruptions, but probably others open up at least with in a few years as they get sluiced back to good rocky bottoms via pumice and heavy run off. It is a well known fact that large woody debris in the stream is smolt heaven, lots of places to hide, more food sources. In any case however many times that Mt. has blown its top, thats how many times those runs have regenerated. I know there were some strong smelt runs on the Cowlitz during the 1980’s.

26 On Sep 30, 05:29 pm, Henry Balensifer wrote:

Then please explain the sudden change of Columbia River smelt populations when comparing the pre and post eruption statistics. Your argument is valid, yet if you add a large human presence and their tampering with the ecosystem to the equation plus huge and ever growing populations of predators unchecked. You get what we have. (note- human presence includes dams) But the main theme to all of my comments is that the issue of declining populations is much more than simple dams.

27 On Oct 1, 06:37 am, Bob Dillpickle wrote:

Well sir, I don’t believe we can pin the blame on Mother Nature for declining fish runs. She has stood by those smelt and salmon for eons. When she shakes things up with an eruption, earthquake, tree jam, or a flood all that stuff is mostly good for fish in the long run. A flood means a quicker trip to mother ocean for instance. If the ocean is teeming with shrimp, squid and anchovies those fish will do well. Sometimes due to el Nino, you get a lack of upwelling and the ocean becomes almost sterile. The oxygen depleted dead zones we have heard about recently along portions of the coast may well be due to global warming’s impact on ocean currents and upwelling just make it worse.

Last time I went salmon fishing in the Columbia river estuary the entire mouth of the river was boiling with herring. Plenty of salmon too but I couldn’t get any to bite because I think they all were swimming around with belly aches from eating too much live herring. Could the herring be crowding out the smelt? Seals? Caspian terns? I don’t know. Usually if the ocean is healthy, it’s the more the merrier. My point is wild salmon are perfectly capable of regenerating given half a chance. We all seem to agree that removing dams on the snake is an idea whose time has come. Perhaps if Larry Craig steps down we can get a foot in the door (or at least under the stall partition) on that. That would give Columbia river salmon close to half a chance.

28 On Oct 1, 06:38 am, Pierce wrote:

Well sir, I don’t believe we can pin the blame on Mother Nature for declining fish runs. She has stood by those smelt and salmon for eons. When she shakes things up with an eruption, earthquake, tree jam, or a flood all that stuff is mostly good for fish in the long run. A flood means a quicker trip to mother ocean for instance. If the ocean is teeming with shrimp, squid and anchovies those fish will do well. Sometimes due to el Nino, you get a lack of upwelling and the ocean becomes almost sterile. The oxygen depleted dead zones we have heard about recently along portions of the coast may well be due to global warming’s impact on ocean currents and upwelling just make it worse.

Last time I went salmon fishing in the Columbia river estuary the entire mouth of the river was boiling with herring. Plenty of salmon too but I couldn’t get any to bite because I think they all were swimming around with belly aches from eating too much live herring. Could the herring be crowding out the smelt? Seals? Caspian terns? I don’t know. Usually if the ocean is healthy, it’s the more the merrier. My point is wild salmon are perfectly capable of regenerating given half a chance. We all seem to agree that removing dams on the snake is an idea whose time has come. Perhaps if Larry Craig steps down we can get a foot in the door (or at least under the stall partition) on that. That would give Columbia river salmon close to half a chance.

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